Networking responses to different levels of institutional void: A comparison of internationalizing SMEs in Egypt and the UK

This paper reports a comparative qualitative study of how decision-makers in internationalizing SMEs respond to relevant institutions in their domestic environment through networking activity. Twenty SMEs are compared respectively from a developing economy (Egypt) and a developed economy (UK). The two countries contrast both in the effectiveness of their institutional support for SMEs and in their cultural norms towards network relationships. Substantial differences are found between the two national samples in SME decision makers’ networking behaviour in response to specific institutional conditions. The links between institutional conditions, national cultural norms and SME networking responses are explicated in a new theoretical model.     

基于精准扶贫的重庆市乡村旅游发展模式及空间分布格局研究

［目的］发展乡村旅游是推进农村扶贫开发的一项重要措施，在精准扶贫背景下，研究乡村旅游资源的空间分布格局，以期为贫困地区乡村旅游资源的开发利用提供理论参考，也将有利于充分发挥乡村旅游在精准扶贫中的重要作用。［方法］以重庆市14个国家级乡村旅游重点扶贫县为研究区域，系统分析该地区乡村旅游资源的发展模式，采用平均最邻近指数、地理集中指数和平均分布密度，探究境内194个乡村旅游资源的空间分布格局。［结果］（1）重庆市乡村旅游重点扶贫县中，发展模式主要有高科技农业园、农家乐、乡村自然景观和乡村人文景观，其中农家乐是数目最多的类型。（2）各乡村旅游重点扶贫县中ANN值均小于1，说明这些地区乡村旅游资源均呈集聚分布。（3）各乡村旅游重点扶贫县中乡村旅游资源分布密度差异较大，其中秀山土家族苗族自治县的平均分布密度最高，为6115个/万km2，酉阳土家族苗族自治县平均分布密度最低，仅为2709个/万km2。［结论］乡村旅游重点扶贫县中乡村旅游资源数目还比较少，各地之间存在差异，今后应从发挥产业集聚效应、不断开拓发展模式、提高基础设施建设等方面促进乡村旅游的发展。     

Refining e-shoppers’ perceived risks: Development and validation of new measurement scale

Due to the rapid expansion of perceived e-shopping risks, and highly isolated and inconsistent presentation of literature about this concept, understanding e-shopper's behavior has become more difficult. In this regard, this study brings together different views, evidences and facts about perceived e-shopping risks from both scholars and practitioners of South-East Asian and Western countries. It then interprets the information in the form of a new scale which offers more adequacy, assemblage and uniformity than the existing models of perceived risks of e-shoppers. The new scale of construct has 11 dimensions comprising a pool of 38 items, which has been empirically validated through the data collected from 537 Malaysian e-shoppers. The dimensions are: high price risk, deception risk, transaction failure risk, dissimilar product risk, incapable service risk, illegitimate product risk, isolation risk, unease risk, displeasure risk, prior-purchase time delays risk, and post-purchase time delays risk. The theoretical and managerial implications and research limitations have also been discussed.     

Determinants of holistic passenger experience in public transportation: Scale development and validation

Transportation literature is shifting its focus from passengers’ perception of transit quality to understanding passenger experience from a holistic perspective. Few studies have investigated passenger experience factors from a holistic perspective; however, they are explored independently. A holistic approach can help the transport service providers to understand the complete journey of the passenger. This study proposes the concept of holistic passenger experience (HPX) and identifies the determinants of HPX in the context of public transportation with specific reference to Indian Railways. The study develops a comprehensive scale that measures the influence of these determinants on HPX to address this gap. Following a systematic scale development process, this study identified and validated (content, construct, convergent, and discriminant validity) a seven factor structure scale that determines HPX. Of these seven factors, four factors (vehicle maintenance, comfort & security, off board service, and travel information) constitute the core services offered by the transport service provider. Interestingly these four factors can be effectively managed by the service provider. The other three factors (social environment, supporting services, and accessibility) cannot be entirely managed by the transport service provider effectively, as these factors fall beyond the scope of the service provider.Nomological validity results are explained by constructing a matrix (holistic passenger experience Matrix) which reveals that most of the constructs that are can be managed by the transport service provider can be mapped to the cognitive component of customer experience, whereas most of the factors which go beyond the scope of the transport service provider could be mapped to the emotional component of customer experience. The findings can assist the transport sector executives to identify the key determinants to deliver superior passenger experiences throughout the journey.     

农业绿色发展的内涵与评价研究

[目的]推进农业绿色发展是农业发展观的一场深刻革命,关键在体制机制创新,建立一套适用于全国不同地区农业绿色发展评价的指标体系与评价办法,从而增强各地农业绿色发展责任意识,为推进农业绿色发展提供方向指导和决策参考。[方法]通过对国内外相关研究的梳理分析,对新时代我国农业绿色发展的内涵进行界定,进一步明确农业绿色发展的评价思路。[结果]在此基础上,构建包括4个一级指标、19个二级指标的农业绿色发展定量评价体系与由6个一级指标、15个二级指标构成的农业绿色发展定性评价指标体系,提出了归一化法和标准化系数法等评价方法。[结论]政府要加快建立完善农业绿色发展组织体系、领导干部农业生态资源离任审计以及农业绿色发展考核奖惩制度等制度体系,进一步强化农业生态资源数据采集与统计体系建设,加快更新农业资源环境统计条目,为农业绿色发展评价提供数据支撑。     

可持续理念下的交互景观设计策略与方法研究

在信息化时代，科技高速发展，人们赖以生存的城市正在向智慧型城市转变，并不断将科学技术整合到创造性活动之中。景观作为城市系统的一部分，具有艺术形式与人文内涵，需要满足多元化的服务需求。景观的交互设计注重功能优化与美学提升，成为解决传统景观弊端的方式。从交互理念在景观设计中的应用出发，对交互景观设计策略与方法进行研究，通过对智慧城市背景下的交互景观发展优势与必要性进行论述，研究交互景观发展现状。以北京海淀Smart能量公园为例进行交互景观的设计分析，提出交互景观设计策略与方法，并对交互景观未来发展趋势进行展望。     

甘肃省乡村旅游示范村空间分布及影响因素研究

[目的]通过考察并分析甘肃省乡村旅游示范村的空间分布特征以及影响因素,试图揭示其空间分布规律,为今后甘肃省乡村旅游示范村发展与布局提供科学依据,为西北地区其他省份乡村旅游发展提供参考借鉴。[方法]以甘肃省在建的206个乡村旅游示范村为研究对象,综合运用最邻近指数、地理集中指数、基尼系数、核密度分析、空间自相关等方法,研究甘肃省乡村旅游示范村空间分布规律,并剖析其影响因素。[结果]最邻近指数R=0.71,表现为凝聚型分布,地理集中指数Z=26.73,均匀度C=0.016,表现为非均衡集中分布;空间自相关分析未通过显著性检验;根据核密度分析的集聚程度,将示范村空间分布划分为三大片区,共形成5个中心区, 1个次中心区。[结论]甘肃省乡村旅游示范村整体呈凝聚型分布,区域分布呈现出非均衡集中型状态,空间自相关性不显著;乡村旅游示范村密度在空间上分布差异较大,呈现出多中心发展格局。乡村旅游示范村的分布格局受地形地貌与水文等自然因素以及政策、人口与经济、客源市场与交通、文化等人文因素共同影响。     

基于三维分形的山东省农户分化及耕地利用异质性分析

研究目的:揭示农户分化的内在机制及其耕地利用异质性,正确引导农户耕地经营行为和可持续利用。研究方法:基于分形理论建立"职业—收入—耕地规模"三维农户分类体系,开展山东省农户耕地利用调研及实证分析。研究结果:(1)农户间耕地利用行为具有差异性,耕地面积较大的兼业户表现出"高投入—低收益"特征,且农户类型存在动态变化的可能性;(2)经济发展水平较高的城市呈现以"高度兼业户"为主要农户类型的"单核心"分化趋势;(3)农户分化过程除大规模纯农户和高度兼业户的"终点"外,还存在对农业依赖较大的兼业户和耕地面积较大兼业户等"中间态"。研究结论:农户分化过程有律可循,应针对性地制定耕地利用政策加以引导。     

基于农业可持续发展的湖南省乡村规划影响因素分析

[目的]文章从乡村规划的角度出发,以乡村振兴战略规划为指导,从农业可持续发展的角度探寻乡村规划的影响因素,以期对湖南省乡村阶段性规划提供合理的参考建议。[方法]运用DEMATE方法对湖南省乡村规划影响因素进行定性识别,并利用熵权法对湖南省乡村规划影响因素系统进行定量评价。[结果](1)城镇化率对乡村规划的影响度最大,其在所有因素中影响度和被影响度均最大,其次为第三产业从业人员、农业财政支出、规模农业经营。(2)结合中心度与原因度的分析对湖南省乡村规划重要影响因子进行识别,其中,城镇化率、农业财政支出、规模农业经营、第三产业从业人员、节水灌溉面积共5个因素为湖南省乡村规划实施的重要影响因素。[结论](1)经济因素是农业可持续发展背景下乡村规划的主导因素,以休闲农业产值、规模农业经营和农业财政支出构成乡村规划实施的关键因素,提升经济效益对湖南省乡村规划建设具有重要的推动作用。(2)从结果因素来看,贫困发生率、休闲农业产值、城乡居民人均收入比受农业生产方式、城乡资源分配和产业融合的影响较大,充分掌握重要影响因素之间的相互关系是巩固湖南省乡村规划结果因素效益的关键。(3)人口因素和社会因素是湖南省乡村规划实施的制约因素,加快推进湖南省科技兴农、特色强农、质量强农、开放强农建设成为其提高农业可持续发展能力和乡村规划实施的关键。     

秦腔剧本现代化的探索——以陈彦三部曲为研究对象

"八百里秦川尘土飞扬,三千万楞娃高吼秦腔",秦腔以其恢弘的气势和豪迈粗犷的演唱方式在陕西人的心中深深地扎下了根,没事吼一嗓子秦腔是陕西人茶余饭后的一项娱乐活动,由此可见秦腔在陕西人心中可见一斑。然而随着时代的现代化进程的脚步秦腔这个传承数千年的地方戏却越来越被现代人所遗忘,秦腔的现代化进程迫在眉睫。而如何现代化却成为了一个难题,是全面现代化还是部分现代化?是保留还是抛弃?……而作为秦腔现代化最重要的一个环节,剧本的现代化又从哪几个方面入手?本文将从剧本现代化的各方面进行探索,从而为秦腔的现代化这个浩大的工程尽上一点绵薄之力。